跨物种沟通有望:海豚语言模式与人相似
2898
科技 2019-03-25 15:08:00 字数:1041

跨物种沟通有望:海豚语言模式与人相似。国外最新一项研究发现,海豚之间使用词语和句子相互沟通,表现出和人类的语言模式十分相似的特征。科学家们正在研究一种人类语言与海豚语言的匹配机制,如若成功,人类将实现跨物种的沟通。



海豚的叫声在普通人听起来无非是动物单纯的叫声。不过你可知道其中暗藏玄机?俄罗斯的研究人员经过细致的分析发现,海豚的叫声其实包含着复杂的声调和频率的变化,并通过此种声音在彼此之间传播信息。就像人类使用语言一样。


俄罗斯卡拉达格研究所的科学家录制了两头黑海宽吻海豚彼此之间的“通话”。他们有了有趣的发现:当其中一只海豚“讲话”时,另一只会停止发声,并进行“聆听”,然后用声音作出回应。这立刻让科学家想到了人类自己的语言应答模式。并推测一种“海豚语言”的存在。海豚之间使用海豚语来彼此沟通,交流信息和确定彼此之间的身份。


研究人员把此次研究成果发表在了最近一期的圣彼得堡工业大学学报上。


“对声音的分析显示了海豚之间存在明显的‘聆听-应答’关系。这使我们足够有理由相信它们在用声音进行某种沟通。”维亚切斯拉夫·里亚博夫博士(Dr. Vyacheslav Ryabov)说。“这和人类语言极其相似。而或许除了语言的复杂性的差别之外,两者之间唯一的差别只不过是使用了不同的声音符号。”


在此之前,海豚这种生物长久以来就在人类信中有聪明伶俐的形象。它们会用不同的声音和动作来表达情绪以及对饲养员的呼唤做出反应。不过这次俄罗斯科学家通过对海豚声音进行更细致的音量和频率的分析,发现了海豚可能有超出人们想象的智力。研究指出海豚可以用不同的声音代表不同的单词,并能组成包含5个单词的复杂句式。


“这和人类语言的诸多特点完全吻合,显示了海豚令人惊讶的智力和意识水平。如此水平的交流堪称很成熟的语言了。”研究人员说。


弄明白海豚之间如何沟通只是第一步,因为科学家抑制不住能够和海豚进行双向沟通的奇妙设想。虽然海豚发出的某些声音超出人类听觉范围,不过通过现代声音仪器的帮助,科学家能够“听到”海豚说的每一句话。如果人类破解了海豚的语言,就能反过来够通过声音仪器和它们进行交流。虽然此前动物学家一直通过动物的行为特征来了解动物们的社会,不过直接通过语言交流还是从未出现过的事。


目前科学家正在进行海豚语的破解,努力弄清楚每个声音代表的意思。期待在不久的将来,一个新的世界展现在人类眼前。


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