登月宇航员更易死于心脏病是辐射高吗?
2898
科技 2019-03-25 15:13:59 字数:901

登月宇航员更易死于心脏病是辐射高吗?宇航员是人类探索太空的先锋,不可不免地面临着各种威胁。美国佛罗里达州立大学的科学家最新研究发现,与地球上的人类或驻留在低轨道上的同行相比,进入外太空的宇航员死于心血管疾病的危险要高5倍,这可能是他们遭遇高浓度宇宙辐射所致。

研究人员发现,与驻留在国际空间站、进入低地轨道的宇航员相比,参与阿波罗任务的宇航员都曾保罗在宇宙射线之下。美国佛罗里达州立大学的科学家警告称,这种辐射现在显示出后果,容易引发宇航员患上心血管问题。


人类科学学院院长迈克尔·戴尔普教授(Michael Delp)说:“我们对外太空辐射对人类健康的影响所知有限,特别是对心血管系统的影响。这是我们首次窥视到宇宙辐射对人类的不利影响。”


这项研究有着重要意义,因为许多国家和私人组织都在计划对外太空进行载人探索,包括送人类上火星。美国宇航局已经公布计划,将于2020年到2030年将人类送上火星。俄罗斯、中国以及欧洲宇航局也都有各自的登月计划。伊隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)旗下美国太空技术探索公司SpaceX也在计划2026年登陆火星。


科学家们首次对执行阿波罗任务的宇航员的健康状况做出统计。这个项目从1961年开始,到1972年结束。从1968年到1972年之间,美国宇航局共进行了11次载人太空飞行。其中9次脱离地球轨道进入外太空,并有6人成功登上月球表面。这些人往往受过高等教育,获得比大多数人更好的医疗照顾。


在执行阿波罗登月任务中,共有24名宇航员进入过外太空,其中8人已经过世,7人参与了研究。研究显示,2/5(或43%)的阿波罗任务过世宇航员死于心血管疾病,比其他宇航员的几率高4到5倍。首位登上月球的宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗(Neil Armstrong)于2012年去世,死于心脏搭桥手术后的并发症。


科学家还对老鼠进行研究,让它们体验阿波罗任务宇航员接受的辐射。6个月后,相当于人类20年,老鼠表现出类似人类动脉硬化症的迹象。戴尔普教授说:“对老鼠进行试验获得的数据显示,外太空辐射对人类健康存在不利影响。”


更多资讯,可以访问2898站长资源平台资讯-科技评论栏目:kjpl/ 谢谢!


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