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美国3D打印技术制出生物工程脊髓
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科技 2019-03-25 13:43:49 字数：652

美国3D打印技术制出生物工程脊髓。美国明尼苏达大学研究人员近日在《先进功能材料》杂志线上版发表研究论文称，他们开发出一种新的多细胞神经组织工程方法，利用3D打印设备制出生物工程脊髓。研究人员称，该技术有朝一日或可帮助长期遭受脊髓损伤困扰的患者恢复某些功能。


美国3D打印技术制出生物工程脊髓


该方法将先进的细胞生物工程技术和独特的3D打印技术有效结合，利用生物3D打印设备，以硅胶制成的、可生物兼容的导板为支架，采用挤压法，将诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）衍生的脊髓神经元祖细胞(sNPCs)和少突胶质祖细胞(OPCs)一层层精确打印到支架内，最后形成生物工程脊髓。3D打印的sNPCs能够在微支架通道中分化并延伸出轴突，形成神经元网络。钙通量研究证实，这些神经元网络具有活性。

新技术有望帮助那些长期受脊髓损伤困扰的人。3D打印出的生物工程脊髓可通过外科手术植入患者脊髓损伤区域，充当损伤区域上下方神经细胞间的“桥梁”，帮助重建轴突连接。虽然这种手段可能无法让患者重新行走，但会减轻他们的痛苦，帮助他们恢复某些功能，如对肌肉、膀胱的控制能力。

研究人员表示，3D打印细胞非常困难，而要让打印的细胞保持活性则更加困难。他们测试了几种不同的配方，最后才做到让75%的细胞存活下来，并变成健康的神经元。

研究人员指出，成功3D打印OPCs与sNPCs，制出生物工程脊髓，表明他们开发的这种多细胞神经组织工程方法是可行的。而新的3D打印技术也可用于制备新型仿生水凝胶支架，在体外模拟复杂的中枢神经系统组织结构，从而帮助开发新的脊髓损伤等疾病的治疗方法。



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